Somalia- Federal Republic of Somalia

Somalia (Somali: Soomaaliya; Italian: Somalia) or Federal Republic of Somalia (full form of the state name since 2012) refers to a federal state in the far east of Africa on the Horn of Africa. The name is derived from the Somali people, who form the majority of the population and also reside in neighboring countries. The state was formed by the merger of the colonial territories of British and Italian Somaliland, which became independent together in 1960 ("African Year").

Somalia has an approximate population of 15 million, with over 2 million living in the capital and largest city of Mogadishu, and has been called the most culturally homogeneous country in Africa. Its territory borders the Indian Ocean to the east, the Gulf of Aden to the north, Djibouti and Ethiopia to the west and Kenya to the south. Somalia is considered an extremely fragile and undeveloped state, both in terms of political and economic development. Since the new constitution came into force on August 1, 2012, a majority of the regional regimes have been participating as federal states in the reconstruction of a joint administration.