Eritrea-Ertra-Iritriyā

Eritrea (Tigrinya: Ertra, Erətra or Ertəra Arabic: Iritriyā) is a state in northeastern Africa. It borders Sudan to the northwest, Ethiopia to the south, Djibouti to the southeast, and the Red Sea to the northeast. The country's name is derived from its Greek name Erythraia, which goes back to the term erythrà thálassa, English: red sea', and was formerly Germanized as Erythraea. The proper name Ertra (from Old Ethiopian bahïrä ertra, 'red sea') also refers to this ancient Greek name of the Red Sea. A quarter of Eritrea's population of nearly 6 million (2016) is concentrated in the capital region of Asmara; the other cities are much smaller.

Eritrea became an Italian colony in 1890. From 1941, the country was under British administration, and from 1952 it was federally linked to the then Empire of Abyssinia in personal union before being centrally incorporated as the Province of Eritrea into Haile Selassie's Ethiopian Empire in 1961. After a thirty-year war of independence, Eritrea became independent from Ethiopia in 1993.